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Official data Source: US Census Bureau international trade data Data through August 2026 · updated monthly

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HS 0405.20

Dairy spreads

In short

  • The US imported $28.0M of this product over the 12 months to August 2026, up 18% on the year before.
  • Ireland is the largest supplier, with 98.5% of US imports; India is next, with 1.5%.
  • Duty paid averaged 14.0% of the value of imports in August 2026, up 2.1 points on a year earlier.
  • Ireland is gaining share: 91.5% over the last 12 months, up from 74.8%.
  • US exports were $1.6M over the last 12 months; the largest market is Peru, with 26.3%.

US imports, Aug 2026

$3.5M

↑ +105% vs Aug 2025

Last 12 months

$28.0M

↑ +18% vs the 12 months before

Average duty paid

14.0%

↑ +2.1 pts vs Aug 2025

Top supplier

Ireland

98.5% of US imports

US imports by month

The last 13 months, so the same month a year ago is on the left. August 2026 is highlighted.

Aug2025SepOctNovDecJan2026FebMarAprMayJunJulAug
Show the numbers
MonthUS imports
August 2025$1.7M
September 2025$1.8M
October 2025$1.4M
November 2025$1.6M
December 2025$1.6M
January 2026$1.7M
February 2026$1.2M
March 2026$3.4M
April 2026$2.2M
May 2026$3.9M
June 2026$3.0M
July 2026$2.7M
August 2026$3.5M

What changed

  • US imports were $3.5M in August 2026, up 34% from July 2026 and up 105% from August 2025.
  • Over the 12 months to August 2026 they totalled $28.0M, up 18% on the 12 months before.
  • Biggest moves in market share since July 2026: Ireland up from 93.4% to 98.5%, Belgium down from 4.9% to 0.0%.
  • Average price from Ireland rose 6.6% since July 2026, to $9.55/kg.
  • Duty paid by the main suppliers held within 2 points of July 2026.

US trade by year

US imports were $28.0M in the 12 months to Aug 2026, up 824% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $1.6M, down 46%. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

2017201820192020202120222023202420252026Duty ↑Duty ↓Duty ↑Duty ↓Duty ↑
Show the numbers
PeriodUS imports
12 months to Aug 2017$3.0M
12 months to Aug 2018$4.8M
12 months to Aug 2019$5.8M
12 months to Aug 2020$5.3M
12 months to Aug 2021$7.1M
12 months to Aug 2022$6.8M
12 months to Aug 2023$19.7M
12 months to Aug 2024$16.8M
12 months to Aug 2025$23.7M
12 months to Aug 2026$28.0M
  • Ireland
  • Argentina
  • Brazil
  • Netherlands
  • All countries
Share of US imports
Show the numbers
PeriodIrelandArgentinaBrazilNetherlands
12 months to Aug 201717.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 201836.9%0.0%0.6%0.0%
12 months to Aug 201941.7%0.0%1.0%7.8%
12 months to Aug 202048.7%0.0%9.9%0.0%
12 months to Aug 202153.2%0.1%14.5%0.9%
12 months to Aug 202260.9%1.7%15.3%0.2%
12 months to Aug 202381.1%0.5%7.7%0.0%
12 months to Aug 202482.8%1.8%5.7%0.0%
12 months to Aug 202574.8%13.6%3.0%4.4%
12 months to Aug 202691.5%2.8%2.0%1.8%
Duty paid, % of value
Show the numbers
PeriodIrelandArgentinaBrazilNetherlandsAll countries
12 months to Aug 20178.3%n/an/an/a3.1%
12 months to Aug 20184.1%n/a3.3%n/a2.4%
12 months to Aug 20191.9%n/a2.4%n/a2.5%
12 months to Aug 202021.0%n/a0.2%n/a11.9%
12 months to Aug 202111.2%0.0%2.3%3.5%7.5%
12 months to Aug 20223.2%0.0%2.1%15.7%3.3%
12 months to Aug 20239.2%0.0%0.2%n/a8.1%
12 months to Aug 202414.2%1.1%0.0%n/a12.3%
12 months to Aug 20258.3%2.7%0.0%9.9%7.3%
12 months to Aug 202616.8%12.0%31.0%15.0%17.0%
PeriodUS importsDuty paidUS exports
12 months to Aug 2026$28.0M+18%17.0%+9.6 pts$1.6M+12%
12 months to Aug 2025$23.7M+41%7.3%−5.0 pts$1.4M+74%
12 months to Aug 2024$16.8M−15%12.3%+4.2 pts$832K−32%
12 months to Aug 2023$19.7M+190%8.1%+4.8 pts$1.2M+70%
12 months to Aug 2022$6.8M−4.1%3.3%−4.2 pts$722K+179%
12 months to Aug 2021$7.1M+34%7.5%−4.4 pts$259K−72%
12 months to Aug 2020$5.3M−9.6%11.9%+9.4 pts$933K−9.2%
12 months to Aug 2019$5.8M+20%2.5%+0.1 pts$1.0M−2.0%
12 months to Aug 2018$4.8M+59%2.4%−0.6 pts$1.0M−65%
12 months to Aug 2017$3.0M3.1%$3.0M

Who supplies the US

August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025.

CountryUS importsShareAverage priceDuty paidLast 13 months
Ireland$3.5M98.5%+25.1 pts$9.55/kg−3.2%14.1%+1.0 pts
India$51K1.5%new$7.14/kg11.8%
All countries$3.5M100.0%$9.51/kg+1.5%14.0%+2.1 pts

The 3 largest suppliers had 96.3% of US imports over the last 12 months.

How the market is shifting

Ireland gained the most share: 91.5% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 74.8% in the 12 months before. Argentina lost the most: 2.8%, down from 13.6%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

  • Ireland
  • Argentina
  • Brazil
  • Netherlands
  • All countries
Share of US imports
Show the numbers
MonthIrelandArgentinaBrazilNetherlands
September 202472.9%11.0%6.5%0.0%
October 202480.6%10.4%4.7%0.0%
November 202469.6%23.3%1.6%0.0%
December 202463.2%35.1%0.6%0.0%
January 202574.6%18.0%1.7%0.0%
February 202578.6%0.0%5.0%0.0%
March 202587.5%6.7%0.0%0.0%
April 202569.4%8.0%4.3%17.0%
May 202565.5%14.0%2.7%16.1%
June 202596.9%0.0%0.0%0.0%
July 202590.1%0.0%6.0%0.0%
August 202573.4%0.0%6.2%20.0%
September 202551.6%19.7%7.8%18.7%
October 202576.8%0.0%6.4%12.1%
November 202589.5%8.5%0.7%0.0%
December 202589.2%10.2%0.2%0.0%
January 202691.9%7.3%0.0%0.0%
February 202699.3%0.0%0.7%0.0%
March 202699.8%0.0%0.0%0.0%
April 202693.6%0.0%0.8%0.0%
May 202696.4%0.0%2.8%0.0%
June 202694.2%0.0%4.4%0.0%
July 202693.4%0.0%1.5%0.0%
August 202698.5%0.0%0.0%0.0%
Duty paid, % of value
Show the numbers
MonthIrelandArgentinaBrazilNetherlandsAll countries
September 20241.5%2.2%0.0%n/a2.0%
October 20245.2%2.5%0.0%n/a4.7%
November 20248.8%2.3%0.0%n/a7.0%
December 202419.1%2.8%0.0%n/a13.1%
January 20251.8%2.0%0.0%n/a2.1%
February 20252.5%n/a0.0%n/a3.0%
March 20251.7%2.4%n/an/a2.1%
April 20256.5%n/a0.0%6.6%6.2%
May 202511.6%4.6%0.0%11.6%10.2%
June 202511.8%n/an/an/a12.0%
July 202512.1%n/a0.0%n/a11.3%
August 202513.0%n/a0.0%11.6%11.9%
September 202516.1%12.2%44.4%15.0%17.3%
October 202515.0%n/a56.4%15.0%19.3%
November 202514.5%11.7%56.4%n/a14.9%
December 202515.0%11.7%56.4%n/a14.7%
January 202615.0%11.9%n/an/a14.8%
February 202616.2%n/a16.4%n/a16.2%
March 202618.9%n/an/an/a18.9%
April 202620.2%n/a16.4%n/a20.8%
May 202617.1%n/a16.4%n/a17.3%
June 202621.1%n/a16.4%n/a20.8%
July 202614.1%n/a16.4%n/a13.4%
August 202614.1%n/an/an/a14.0%

Tariff actions touching this product

When the duty paid on this product changed and stayed changed, for its main suppliers and all countries, newest first, with the Federal Register notices that named the product in the 3 months before. Rates are medians of the 4 months either side, less any usual seasonal swing. A change shows what happened to duty paid, not why; read each notice for what it did.

  1. May 2025 · Duty paid: Ireland 2.5% → 12.1%, all countries 2.6% → 11.6%.
  2. March 2024 · Duty paid: Ireland 21.5% → 6.5%, all countries 18.2% → 6.1%.
  3. July 2023 · Duty paid: Ireland 3.0% → 22.3%, all countries 3.3% → 19.9%.
  4. November 2022 · Duty paid: Ireland 1.8% → 12.3%, all countries 2.1% → 9.6%.
  5. April 2021 · Duty paid: Ireland 27.3% → 2.3%.
  6. January 2021 · Duty paid: all countries 14.0% → 3.6%.
  7. May 2020 · Duty paid: all countries 10.4% → 15.9%.
  8. November–December 2019 · Duty paid: Ireland 2.1% → 27.2%, all countries 3.2% → 11.0%.

Where it enters the US

Main ports of entry over the 12 months to August 2026: US imports and share.

  1. Chester, PA$17.1M · 61.0%
  2. Charleston, SC$4.2M · 14.9%
  3. Los Angeles, CA$2.6M · 9.4%
  4. Newark, NJ$1.8M · 6.5%
  5. Savannah, GA$1.4M · 5.0%

Where US exports go

US exports were $76K in August 2026, up 23% from August 2025, and $1.6M over the last 12 months, up 12% on the 12 months before. Fastest-growing market with 3% or more of US exports: Barbados, up 525%.

MarketLast 12 monthsSharevs 12 months before
Peru$428K26.3%+116%
Honduras$266K16.4%+16%
Korea, South$256K15.8%new
Trinidad and Tobago$93K5.7%+5.4%
Bermuda$73K4.5%−35%
Panama$66K4.1%+30%
Guatemala$66K4.1%+83%
Barbados$65K4.0%+525%
Other countries (11)$311K19.1%−10%
All countries$1.6M100.0%+12%

Markets abroad

Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 102 have reported 2025 so far.

MarketImportsvs year beforeFrom the USUS share
Saudi Arabia$71.9Min 2025+37%$3.7M5.2%
Korea, South$39.1Min 2025+77%$29K0.1%
Spain$23.5Min 2025+33%$00.0%
Azerbaijan$21.2Min 2025−30%$00.0%
Germany$20.8Min 2025+101%$00.0%
United Kingdom$14.0Min 2025+15%$00.0%
Portugal$13.2Min 2025+12%$00.0%
Austria$12.0Min 2025+38%$00.0%

The biggest market outside the US is Saudi Arabia, which imported $71.9M of this product in 2025, 5.2% of that from the US.

Of these, imports into Germany grew fastest: up 101% from 2024 to 2025.

Other products under heading 0405: butter and other fats and oils derived from milk. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.

ProductUS importsUS exports
ButterHS 0405.10$559.3M$566.6M
Fats and oils derived from milk, not elsewhere specifiedHS 0405.90$22.4M$113.3M
About these figures
  • Source: US Census Bureau international trade data, not seasonally adjusted, in US dollars. Retrieved November 3, 2026.
  • US imports are general imports at customs value, which excludes freight and insurance. Exports are at free-alongside-ship value.
  • Average price is customs value divided by quantity (kilograms), across all of the product's 10-digit lines.
  • Duty paid is the duty Census calculates on each country's imports for consumption, as a share of their value. It moves with tariff changes, exemptions and the mix of goods within the product.
  • Markets abroad are each country's imports as it reports them to UN Comtrade, in US dollars, usually including freight and insurance. Countries report a year or more late and in their own edition of the HS codes, so one still on an older edition is missing for codes that changed in 2022.
  • Census revises recent months, so figures can change slightly. These are estimates for research and planning, not customs or legal advice.

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