Choline and its salts

US trade by year

US imports were $26.9M in the 12 months to Aug 2026, up 18% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $16.9M, up 4.7%. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

• China
• Italy
• Belgium
• India
• All countries

Who supplies the US

August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025. Landed cost by origin, below, adds freight and duty to the price.

The 3 largest suppliers had 80.4% of US imports over the last 12 months.

Landed cost by origin

What importers paid to land this product at a US port from each main supplier, June–August 2026: the price, freight and insurance to the first US port, and duty, per unit. Suppliers with 3% or more of these imports, cheapest landed first. Small figures under landed cost are the change from the same months a year earlier.

• Price
• Freight and insurance
• Duty

Landed at a US port, Belgium was cheapest, at $1.68/kg: 9.5% below China.

China had the lowest price before freight and duty, $1.18/kg, but they added 56.8% to it.

Landed cost from China fell 33% on a year earlier, to $1.85/kg, mostly on price: $1.70/kg then, $1.18/kg now.

How the market is shifting

Belgium gained the most share: 17.4% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 6.8% in the 12 months before. Italy lost the most: 27.5%, down from 40.0%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

• China
• Italy
• Belgium
• India
• All countries

Tariff actions touching this product

When the duty paid on this product changed and stayed changed, for its main suppliers and all countries, newest first, with the Federal Register notices that named the product in the 3 months before. Rates are medians of the 4 months either side, less any usual seasonal swing. A change shows what happened to duty paid, not why; read each notice for what it did.

1. April–June 2026 · Duty paid: China 34.5% → 26.6%, India 3.9% → 9.1%.
   • Choline Salts From China; Institution of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Investigations and Scheduling of Preliminary Phase InvestigationsJun 29, 2026 · International Trade Commission
   • Notice of Determination and Request for Comments Concerning Action Pursuant to Section 301: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal DeforestationJun 4, 2026 · Office of the US Trade Representative
2. November 2025 · Duty paid: China 47.5% → 35.0%.
   • Implementing Certain Tariff-Related Elements of the U.S.-EU Framework on an Agreement on Reciprocal, Fair, and Balanced TradeSep 25, 2025 · Office of the US Trade Representative
3. May 2025 · Duty paid: China 27.1% → 47.7%, all countries 11.2% → 17.9%.
4. May 2024 · Duty paid: China 19.2% → 26.5%.
5. December 2023 · Duty paid: China 26.9% → 19.2%.
6. February 2023 · Duty paid: China 15.1% → 27.8%.
7. August 2022 · Duty paid: China 24.0% → 16.8%.
8. July 2019 · Duty paid: China 12.9% → 27.6%.
9. October 2018 · Duty paid: China 3.3% → 13.4%.
   • Request for Comments Concerning Proposed Modification of Action Pursuant to Section 301: China's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, and InnovationJul 17, 2018 · Office of the US Trade Representative

Federal Register notices from the last 12 months that list this product's tariff codes. A notice can add a duty, exclude products from one or only mention them, so read each for what it changes. These are the 5 newest of 8. Search the Federal Register for 2923.10

• Guidance and Procedures for Implementing Tariff Adjustments for Specialty Pharmaceuticals and Associated Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Technical Corrections to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States for Duties Imposed Under Proclamation 11020Sep 23, 2026 · Bureau of Industry and Security
• Choline Salts From China; DeterminationsAug 13, 2026 · International Trade Commission
• Notice of Action: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal DeforestationJul 20, 2026 · Office of the US Trade Representative
• Certain Choline Salts From the People's Republic of China: Initiation of Countervailing Duty InvestigationJul 20, 2026 · International Trade Administration
• Certain Choline Salts From the People's Republic of China: Initiation of Less-Than-Fair-Value InvestigationJul 20, 2026 · International Trade Administration

Markets abroad

Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 102 have reported 2025 so far.

The biggest market outside the US is South Korea, which imported $81.3M of this product in 2025, 1.8% of that from the US.

Of these, imports into the Netherlands grew fastest: up 29% from 2024 to 2025.

Related products

Other products under heading 2923: quaternary ammonium salts and hydroxides; lecithins and other phosphoaminolipids. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.