Bars and rods of alloy steel (other than stainless), cold-formed or cold-finished, not elsewhere specified

US trade by year

US imports were $122.6M in the 12 months to Aug 2026, down 30% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $284.0M, up 72%. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

• Sweden
• Taiwan
• Italy
• Germany
• All countries

Who supplies the US

August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025. Landed cost by origin, below, adds freight and duty to the price.

The 3 largest suppliers had 42.0% of US imports over the last 12 months.

Landed cost by origin

What importers paid to land this product at a US port from each main supplier, June–August 2026: the price, freight and insurance to the first US port, and duty, per unit. Suppliers with 3% or more of these imports, cheapest landed first. Small figures under landed cost are the change from the same months a year earlier.

• Price
• Freight and insurance
• Duty

Landed at a US port, Korea, South was cheapest, at $1.70/kg: 39.6% below Italy.

Landed cost from Germany rose 39% on a year earlier, to $5.73/kg, mostly on duty: $0.79/kg then, $1.81/kg now.

How the market is shifting

Austria gained the most share: 8.2% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 4.4% in the 12 months before. Slovenia lost the most: 8.9%, down from 13.4%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

• Sweden
• Taiwan
• Italy
• Germany
• All countries

Tariff actions touching this product

When the duty paid on this product changed and stayed changed, for its main suppliers and all countries, newest first, with the Federal Register notices that named the product in the 3 months before. Rates are medians of the 4 months either side, less any usual seasonal swing. A change shows what happened to duty paid, not why; read each notice for what it did.

1. May 2026 · Duty paid: Canada 28.9% → 41.8%.
2. October 2025–January 2026 · Duty paid: Sweden 15.4% → 46.1%, Taiwan 23.9% → 50.0%, Germany 35.8% → 49.9%, Slovenia 40.0% → 46.4%, Canada 44.1% → 27.7%, all countries 25.7% → 39.6%.
3. April–June 2025 · Duty paid: Sweden 0.5% → 12.8%, Taiwan 0.1% → 12.5%, Germany 1.0% → 22.9%, Slovenia 4.9% → 31.4%, Canada 0.0% → 28.0%, China 29.3% → 60.8%, all countries 1.6% → 22.6%.
4. October 2024 · Duty paid: China 11.4% → 30.5%.
   • Notice of Modification: China's Acts, Policies and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property and InnovationSep 18, 2024 · Office of the US Trade Representative
5. August 2022 · Duty paid: China 22.1% → 11.8%.
   • Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From Brazil, China, India, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and the United Kingdom: Continuation of Antidumping Duty Orders (China, Japan, Korea, and UK), Continuation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders (India), and Revocation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders (Brazil)Aug 25, 2022 · International Trade Administration
   • Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Korea: Continuation of Countervailing Duty OrdersAug 19, 2022 · International Trade Administration
6. May 2022 · Duty paid: Taiwan 8.6% → 2.6%.
7. January 2022 · Duty paid: Sweden 11.3% → 0.2%, Germany 18.5% → 2.9%, Slovenia 12.7% → 0.6%.
   • Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products of Brazil: Final Results of the Expedited First Sunset Review of the Countervailing Duty OrderJan 3, 2022 · International Trade Administration
   • Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From the United Kingdom: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2019-2020Nov 12, 2021 · International Trade Administration
   • Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From Brazil, China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea, and United Kingdom: Final Results of the Expedited Sunset Reviews of the Antidumping Duty OrdersOct 5, 2021 · International Trade Administration
8. April–August 2021 · Duty paid: Sweden 6.6% → 12.6%, Slovenia 3.3% → 12.7%, China 22.1% → 10.9%.
9. December 2020 · Duty paid: Taiwan 13.3% → 7.3%.
10. August 2020 · Duty paid: China 25.9% → 19.8%.
    • Initiation of Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Changed Circumstances Reviews: Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products and Certain Corrosion-Resistant Steel Products From the Republic of KoreaJun 4, 2020 · International Trade Administration
11. February–March 2020 · Duty paid: Germany 5.9% → 17.2%, China 35.4% → 27.6%.
    • Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From the United Kingdom: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2017-2018Nov 6, 2019 · International Trade Administration
12. May–October 2019 · Duty paid: Sweden 16.1% → 7.9%, Taiwan 23.6% → 14.2%, Germany 15.9% → 9.0%, Canada 24.9% → 0.0%, China 24.4% → 35.3%.
    • Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From the United Kingdom: Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2017-2018Jul 19, 2019 · International Trade Administration
    • Request for Comments Concerning Proposed Modification of Action Pursuant to Section 301: China's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, and InnovationMay 17, 2019 · Office of the US Trade Representative
13. November 2018–January 2019 · Duty paid: Sweden 17.9% → 12.4%, Germany 23.7% → 11.9%, Slovenia 20.9% → 7.0%, all countries 17.3% → 11.7%.
    • Certain Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From the Republic of Korea: Initiation of Anti-Circumvention Inquiries on the Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty OrdersAug 2, 2018 · International Trade Administration
14. May–July 2018 · Duty paid: Sweden 0.1% → 19.9%, Taiwan 0.0% → 25.0%, Germany 0.0% → 24.0%, Slovenia 0.2% → 22.8%, Canada 0.0% → 24.5%, China 0.6% → 24.7%, all countries 0.4% → 18.6%.
    • 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-Diphosphonic Acid From the People's Republic of China; Cold-Rolled Steel Flat Products From Japan; Hydrofluorocarbon Blends From the People's Republic of China; Light-Walled Rectangular Pipe and Tube From the People's Republic of China: Opening of Scope Segments and Opportunity To CommentApr 2, 2018 · International Trade Administration

Markets abroad

Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 109 have reported 2025 so far. Where a country's figure for imports from the US is under half or over double what the US recorded exporting there that year, the US figure is shown under it.

The biggest market outside the US is Germany, which imported $394.2M of this product in 2025, 2.7% of that from the US.

The US supplies 62.3% of imports into Canada and 85.8% into Mexico, but under 10% into Germany and the Czech Republic.

Of these, imports into Poland grew fastest: up 34% from 2024 to 2025.

Related products

Other products under heading 7228: bars and rods not elsewhere specified, angles, shapes and sections of alloy steel (other than stainless); hollow drill bars and rods, of alloy or nonalloy steel. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.