Machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material

US trade by year

US imports were $11.6M in the 12 months to Aug 2026, down 4.2% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $8.3M, down 34%. In January 2022 the HS 2022 revision moved some goods between this code and 8549.21, 8549.29, 8549.31 and 3 more, so part of a change across the dashed line can be the revision. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

• Netherlands
• Finland
• Austria
• India
• All countries

Who supplies the US

August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025. Landed cost by origin, below, adds freight and duty to the price.

The 3 largest suppliers had 52.7% of US imports over the last 12 months.

Landed cost by origin

What importers paid to land this product at a US port from each main supplier, June–August 2026: the price, freight and insurance to the first US port, and duty, per unit. Suppliers with 3% or more of these imports, cheapest landed first. Small figures under landed cost are the change from the same months a year earlier.

• Price
• Freight and insurance
• Duty

Landed at a US port, Italy was cheapest, at $42,143 each: 11.0% below Finland.

Landed cost from China rose 541% on a year earlier, to $246,781 each, mostly on price: $23,875 each then, $182,800 each now.

How the market is shifting

Netherlands gained the most share: 21.7% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 0.0% in the 12 months before. Austria lost the most: 14.5%, down from 58.3%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.

• Netherlands
• Finland
• Austria
• India
• All countries

Tariff actions touching this product

When the duty paid on this product changed and stayed changed, for its main suppliers and all countries, newest first, with the Federal Register notices that named the product in the 3 months before. Rates are medians of the 4 months either side, less any usual seasonal swing. A change shows what happened to duty paid, not why; read each notice for what it did.

1. May 2026 · Duty paid: all countries 18.6% → 9.4%.
2. February 2026 · Duty paid: Finland 15.0% → 10.0%.
3. July 2025 · Duty paid: Finland 0.8% → 15.0%, all countries 0.9% → 14.3%.
4. December 2024 · Duty paid: all countries 2.1% → 7.2%.
   • Notice of Modification: China's Acts, Policies and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property and InnovationSep 18, 2024 · Office of the US Trade Representative
5. February 2024 · Duty paid: all countries 7.0% → 0.1%.
6. August 2022 · Duty paid: all countries 15.3% → 0.1%.
7. January 2022 · Duty paid: all countries 4.1% → 10.2%. This is around the January 2022 HS revision, which moved goods in or out of this code.
8. March 2021 · Duty paid: all countries 6.5% → 0.1%.
9. July 2020 · Duty paid: China 14.0% → 0.0%.
10. February 2020 · Duty paid: China 0.0% → 25.0%.
11. September 2019 · Duty paid: China 25.0% → 12.5%.

Markets abroad

Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 99 have reported 2025 so far.

The biggest market outside the US is Brazil, which imported $244.6M of this product in 2025, 0.5% of that from the US.

Of these, imports into Brazil grew fastest: up 769% from 2024 to 2025.

Related products

Other products under heading 8439: machinery for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material or for making or finishing paper or paperboard, not elsewhere specified; parts thereof. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.