Official data Source: US Census Bureau international trade data
Track this productVanadium oxides and hydroxides
In short
- The US imported $40.6M of this product over the 12 months to August 2026, down 19% on the year before.
- South Africa is the largest supplier, with 97.5% of US imports; China is next, with 2.5%.
- South Africa is the cheapest main supplier before and after freight and duty, landing at $14.56/kg.
- Duty paid averaged 0.8% of the value of imports in August 2026, down 6.3 points on a year earlier.
- South Africa is gaining share: 77.5% over the last 12 months, up from 46.9%.
- 2 Federal Register notices named this product's tariff codes in the last 12 months.
US imports, Aug 2026
$824K
↓ −83% vs Aug 2025
Last 12 months
$40.6M
↓ −19% vs the 12 months before
Average duty paid
0.8%
↓ −6.3 pts vs Aug 2025
Top supplier
South Africa
97.5% of US imports
US imports by month
The last 13 months, so the same month a year ago is on the left. August 2026 is highlighted. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.
Show the numbers
| Month | US imports |
|---|---|
| August 2025 | $4.9M |
| September 2025 | $3.6M |
| October 2025 | $1.7M |
| November 2025 | $2.9M |
| December 2025 | $3.5M |
| January 2026 | $1.0M |
| February 2026 | $3.2M |
| March 2026 | $4.3M |
| April 2026 | $5.8M |
| May 2026 | $5.8M |
| June 2026 | $4.3M |
| July 2026 | $3.6M |
| August 2026 | $824K |
What changed
- US imports were $824K in August 2026, down 77% from July 2026 and down 83% from August 2025.
- Over the 12 months to August 2026 they totalled $40.6M, down 19% on the 12 months before.
- Biggest moves in market share since July 2026: South Africa down from 100.0% to 97.5%.
- Average price from South Africa fell 9.7% since July 2026, to $13.39/kg.
- Duty paid by the main suppliers held within 2 points of July 2026.
US trade by year
US imports were $40.6M in the 12 months to Aug 2026, down 12% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $3.3M, up 41%. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.
Show the numbers
| Period | US imports |
|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | $46.4M |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | $137.7M |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | $162.1M |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | $58.3M |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | $36.2M |
| 12 months to Aug 2022 | $52.9M |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | $78.8M |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | $72.3M |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | $49.8M |
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | $40.6M |
- South Africa
- Brazil
- Korea, South
- Germany
- All countries
Show the numbers
| Period | South Africa | Brazil | Korea, South | Germany |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | 40.8% | 21.0% | 0.7% | 4.2% |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | 34.1% | 41.3% | 1.4% | 3.0% |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | 38.8% | 50.2% | 3.1% | 3.4% |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | 41.8% | 46.3% | 0.0% | 5.5% |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | 40.2% | 40.9% | 0.0% | 3.6% |
| 12 months to Aug 2022 | 61.4% | 32.2% | 0.0% | 2.0% |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | 51.7% | 43.9% | 0.0% | 2.9% |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | 46.0% | 50.3% | 0.0% | 0.3% |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | 46.9% | 50.2% | 0.0% | 0.8% |
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | 77.5% | 19.5% | 1.8% | 1.0% |
Show the numbers
| Period | South Africa | Brazil | Korea, South | Germany | All countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 5.5% | 2.2% |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 5.5% | 1.3% |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 2.7% | 5.5% | 0.5% |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | 0.0% | 0.0% | n/a | 5.5% | 0.9% |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | 0.0% | 0.0% | n/a | 5.5% | 1.1% |
| 12 months to Aug 2022 | 0.1% | 1.3% | n/a | 5.5% | 0.8% |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | 0.0% | 5.0% | n/a | 5.5% | 2.4% |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | 0.0% | 5.4% | 0.0% | 5.5% | 2.9% |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | 0.1% | 9.5% | n/a | 12.7% | 5.0% |
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | 12.8% | 16.7% | 15.5% | 15.0% | 13.9% |
| Period | US imports | Duty paid | US exports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | $40.6M−19% | 13.9%+8.9 pts | $3.3M−54% |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | $49.8M−31% | 5.0%+2.0 pts | $7.1M+108% |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | $72.3M−8.3% | 2.9%+0.5 pts | $3.4M−43% |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | $78.8M+49% | 2.4%+1.6 pts | $6.0M−7.6% |
| 12 months to Aug 2022 | $52.9M+46% | 0.8%−0.3 pts | $6.5M+195% |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | $36.2M−38% | 1.1%+0.2 pts | $2.2M−81% |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | $58.3M−64% | 0.9%+0.3 pts | $11.4M−18% |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | $162.1M+18% | 0.5%−0.8 pts | $14.0M+28% |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | $137.7M+197% | 1.3%−0.9 pts | $11.0M+373% |
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | $46.4M | 2.2% | $2.3M |
Who supplies the US
August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025. Landed cost by origin, below, adds freight and duty to the price.
| Country | US imports | Share | Average price | Duty paid | Last 13 months |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Africa | $803K | 97.5%+71.2 pts | $13.39/kg+23% | 0.0%0.0 pts | |
| China | $21K | 2.5%new | $11.00/kg | 30.5% | |
| All countries | $824K | 100.0% | $13.31/kg+15% | 0.8%−6.3 pts |
The 3 largest suppliers had 98.8% of US imports over the last 12 months.
Landed cost by origin
What importers paid to land this product at a US port from each main supplier, June–August 2026: the price, freight and insurance to the first US port, and duty, per unit. Suppliers with 3% or more of these imports, cheapest landed first. Small figures under landed cost are the change from the same months a year earlier.
- Price
- Freight and insurance
- Duty
| Country | Price | Freight and insurance | Duty | Landed cost | Make-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Africa | $14.44/kg | $0.13/kg0.9% of price | $0.00/kg0.0% of price | $14.56/kg+25% | |
| Brazil | $14.60/kg | $1.30/kg8.9% of price | $2.26/kg15.5% of price | $18.16/kg+17% | |
| All countries | $14.43/kg | $0.52/kg3.6% of price | $0.83/kg5.7% of price | $15.77/kg+8.0% |
Landed at a US port, South Africa was cheapest, at $14.56/kg: 19.8% below Brazil.
Landed cost from South Africa rose 25% on a year earlier, to $14.56/kg, mostly on price: $11.22/kg then, $14.44/kg now.
How the market is shifting
South Africa gained the most share: 77.5% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 46.9% in the 12 months before. Brazil lost the most: 19.5%, down from 50.2%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.
- South Africa
- Brazil
- Korea, South
- Germany
- All countries
Show the numbers
| Month | South Africa | Brazil | Korea, South | Germany |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 2024 | 98.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| October 2024 | 24.4% | 75.6% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| November 2024 | 69.4% | 30.6% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| December 2024 | 56.1% | 31.2% | 0.0% | 2.2% |
| January 2025 | 24.6% | 73.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| February 2025 | 94.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| March 2025 | 20.6% | 75.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| April 2025 | 56.5% | 43.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| May 2025 | 55.7% | 44.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| June 2025 | 13.0% | 82.3% | 0.0% | 4.6% |
| July 2025 | 6.4% | 90.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| August 2025 | 26.3% | 72.1% | 0.0% | 1.6% |
| September 2025 | 12.7% | 84.7% | 0.0% | 2.7% |
| October 2025 | 82.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 18.0% |
| November 2025 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| December 2025 | 99.9% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| January 2026 | 98.6% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| February 2026 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| March 2026 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| April 2026 | 91.4% | 0.0% | 8.1% | 0.1% |
| May 2026 | 66.6% | 33.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| June 2026 | 26.1% | 67.9% | 6.0% | 0.0% |
| July 2026 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| August 2026 | 97.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Show the numbers
| Month | South Africa | Brazil | Korea, South | Germany | All countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 2024 | 0.0% | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.1% |
| October 2024 | 0.0% | 5.5% | n/a | n/a | 4.2% |
| November 2024 | 0.0% | 5.5% | n/a | n/a | 1.7% |
| December 2024 | 0.0% | 5.5% | n/a | 5.5% | 2.4% |
| January 2025 | 0.0% | 5.5% | n/a | n/a | 4.1% |
| February 2025 | 0.0% | n/a | n/a | 5.5% | 0.3% |
| March 2025 | 1.3% | 5.5% | n/a | n/a | 4.5% |
| April 2025 | 0.0% | 0.8% | n/a | n/a | 0.3% |
| May 2025 | 0.0% | 13.8% | n/a | n/a | 6.1% |
| June 2025 | n/a | 15.5% | n/a | 15.5% | 15.5% |
| July 2025 | 0.0% | 15.5% | n/a | n/a | 13.5% |
| August 2025 | 0.0% | 15.5% | n/a | 15.0% | 7.1% |
| September 2025 | 15.5% | n/a | n/a | 15.0% | 15.4% |
| October 2025 | 35.5% | n/a | n/a | 15.0% | 30.0% |
| November 2025 | 35.5% | n/a | n/a | n/a | 35.5% |
| December 2025 | 35.5% | 55.5% | n/a | n/a | 37.3% |
| January 2026 | 35.5% | 55.5% | n/a | n/a | 41.7% |
| February 2026 | 11.2% | 55.5% | n/a | n/a | 15.8% |
| March 2026 | 4.7% | 5.5% | n/a | n/a | 5.1% |
| April 2026 | 10.0% | n/a | 15.5% | 15.5% | 10.5% |
| May 2026 | 0.9% | 15.5% | n/a | n/a | 5.8% |
| June 2026 | 0.0% | 15.5% | 15.5% | n/a | 11.5% |
| July 2026 | 0.0% | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.0% |
| August 2026 | 0.0% | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.8% |
Tariff actions touching this product
When the duty paid on this product changed and stayed changed, for its main suppliers and all countries, newest first, with the Federal Register notices that named the product in the 3 months before. Rates are medians of the 4 months either side, less any usual seasonal swing. A change shows what happened to duty paid, not why; read each notice for what it did.
- March 2026 · Duty paid: South Africa 35.5% → 2.8%, Brazil 55.5% → 15.5%, all countries 36.4% → 8.0%.
- September–October 2025 · Duty paid: South Africa 0.0% → 35.5%, all countries 10.3% → 32.9%.
- April–May 2025 · Duty paid: Brazil 5.5% → 15.5%, all countries 3.1% → 9.8%.
Federal Register notices from the last 12 months that list this product's tariff codes. A notice can add a duty, exclude products from one or only mention them, so read each for what it changes. Search the Federal Register for 2825.30
- Notice of Action: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation
- Notice of Determination and Request for Comments Concerning Action Pursuant to Section 301: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation
Where it enters the US
Main ports of entry over the 12 months to August 2026: US imports and share.
Where US exports go
US exports were $251K in August 2026, down 11% from August 2025, and $3.3M over the last 12 months, down 54% on the 12 months before. Fastest-growing market with 3% or more of US exports: Germany, up 401%.
| Market | Last 12 months | Share | vs 12 months before |
|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | $1.2M | 36.4% | +6.6% |
| India | $969K | 29.6% | +52% |
| Germany | $516K | 15.7% | +401% |
| Canada | $230K | 7.0% | −95% |
| Denmark | $155K | 4.7% | new |
| Austria | $119K | 3.6% | −52% |
| Japan | $69K | 2.1% | +38% |
| Mexico | $22K | 0.7% | new |
| Other countries (2) | $6K | 0.2% | −5.7% |
| All countries | $3.3M | 100.0% | −54% |
Markets abroad
Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 66 have reported 2025 so far.
| Market | Imports | vs year before | From the US | US share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czech Republic | $85.4Min 2025 | +29% | $613 | 0.0% |
| Korea, South | $47.0Min 2025 | −14% | $20K | 0.0% |
| India | $41.3Min 2025 | +81% | $635K | 1.5% |
| Netherlands | $37.5Min 2025 | +32% | $91K | 0.2% |
| Canada | $35.5Min 2025 | +47% | $2.0M | 5.6% |
| Japan | $10.1Min 2025 | +7.0% | $5K | 0.1% |
| Turkey | $7.6Min 2025 | −62% | $4K | 0.1% |
| France | $2.4Min 2025 | −42% | $3K | 0.1% |
The biggest market outside the US is the Czech Republic, which imported $85.4M of this product in 2025, under 0.1% of it from the US.
Of these, imports into India grew fastest: up 81% from 2024 to 2025.
Related products
Other products under heading 2825: hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts; inorganic bases not elsewhere specified; metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides not elsewhere specified. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.
| Product | US imports | US exports |
|---|---|---|
| Inorganic bases; other metal oxides, hydroxides and peroxides, not elsewhere specifiedHS 2825.90 | $149.5M | $568.1M |
| Antimony oxidesHS 2825.80 | $450.2M | $31.8M |
| Copper oxides and hydroxidesHS 2825.50 | $19.2M | $215.2M |
| Germanium oxides and zirconium dioxideHS 2825.60 | $175.5M | $34.5M |
| Lithium oxide and hydroxideHS 2825.20 | $18.9M | $181.9M |
| Molybdenum oxides and hydroxidesHS 2825.70 | $73.1M | $48.0M |
| Nickel oxides and hydroxidesHS 2825.40 | $45.3M | $7.2M |
| Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic saltsHS 2825.10 | $30.4M | $1.6M |
About these figures
- Source: US Census Bureau international trade data, not seasonally adjusted, in US dollars. Retrieved November 3, 2026.
- US imports are general imports at customs value, which excludes freight and insurance. Exports are at free-alongside-ship value.
- Average price is customs value divided by quantity (kilograms), across all of the product's 10-digit lines.
- Duty paid is the duty Census calculates on each country's imports for consumption, as a share of their value. It moves with tariff changes, exemptions and the mix of goods within the product.
- Landed cost adds Census's import charges (freight, insurance and other costs of bringing the goods to the first US port) and calculated duty to the customs value, per unit, across the product's 10-digit lines. It leaves out antidumping and countervailing duties, customs fees and transport inland. Prices are averages across the goods within the code, so a lower one can mean cheaper goods, not the same goods for less.
- Markets abroad are each country's imports as it reports them to UN Comtrade, in US dollars, usually including freight and insurance. Countries report a year or more late and in their own edition of the HS codes, so one still on an older edition is missing for codes that changed in 2022.
- Tariff notices are from the Federal Register, matched to this product by the HTS numbers in their text.
- Census revises recent months, so figures can change slightly. These are estimates for research and planning, not customs or legal advice.