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Official data Source: US Census Bureau international trade data Data through August 2026 · updated monthly

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HS 8407.31

Spark-ignition reciprocating piston engines for propulsion of vehicles except railway or tramway stock, not over 50 cc cylinder capacity

In short

  • The US imported $170K of this product over the 12 months to August 2026, down 61% on the year before.
  • Germany is the largest supplier, with 40.0% of US imports; United Kingdom is next, with 35.9%.
  • United Kingdom is the cheapest main supplier before and after freight and duty, landing at $1,003 each.
  • Duty paid averaged 11.2% of the value of imports in August 2026, up 11.2 points on a year earlier.
  • Japan is gaining share: 60.7% over the last 12 months, up from 0.0%.
  • US exports were $2.8M over the last 12 months; the largest market is Venezuela, with 69.3%.

US imports, Aug 2026

$18K

↓ −48% vs Aug 2025

Last 12 months

$170K

↓ −61% vs the 12 months before

Average duty paid

11.2%

↑ +11.2 pts vs Aug 2025

Top supplier

Germany

40.0% of US imports

US imports by month

The last 13 months, so the same month a year ago is on the left. August 2026 is highlighted.

Aug2025SepOctNovDecJan2026FebMarAprMayJunJulAug
Show the numbers
MonthUS imports
August 2025$34K
September 2025$34K
October 2025$60K
November 2025$4K
December 2025$23K
January 2026$17K
February 2026$0
March 2026$6K
April 2026$0
May 2026$0
June 2026$10K
July 2026$0
August 2026$18K

What changed

  • US imports were $18K in August 2026, down 48% from August 2025.
  • Over the 12 months to August 2026 they totalled $170K, down 61% on the 12 months before.
  • Biggest moves in market share since July 2026: Germany up from 0.0% to 40.0%, Canada up from 0.0% to 24.1%.

US trade by year

US imports were $170K in the 12 months to Aug 2026, down 16% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $2.8M, up 291%. In January 2022 the HS 2022 revision moved some goods between this code and 8549.21, 8549.29, 8549.31 and 3 more, so part of a change across the dashed line can be the revision.

2017201820192020202120222023202420252026HS 2022
Show the numbers
PeriodUS imports
12 months to Aug 2017$203K
12 months to Aug 2018$919K
12 months to Aug 2019$654K
12 months to Aug 2020$176K
12 months to Aug 2021$1.0M
12 months to Aug 2022$941K
12 months to Aug 2023$788K
12 months to Aug 2024$681K
12 months to Aug 2025$439K
12 months to Aug 2026$170K
  • Japan
  • Germany
  • China
  • Canada
  • All countries
Share of US imports
Show the numbers
PeriodJapanGermanyChinaCanada
12 months to Aug 20170.0%0.0%32.7%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20182.9%0.0%10.9%0.4%
12 months to Aug 20190.5%0.0%49.9%1.0%
12 months to Aug 20200.0%1.2%63.1%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20211.2%2.7%7.1%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20222.6%1.7%5.2%9.5%
12 months to Aug 20230.0%5.8%3.8%51.5%
12 months to Aug 20241.0%2.7%6.8%29.8%
12 months to Aug 20250.0%3.5%9.1%57.1%
12 months to Aug 202660.7%23.4%7.8%4.4%
Duty paid, % of value
Show the numbers
PeriodJapanGermanyChinaCanadaAll countries
12 months to Aug 2017n/an/a0.0%n/a0.0%
12 months to Aug 20180.0%n/a0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20190.0%n/a12.3%0.0%6.1%
12 months to Aug 2020n/a0.0%25.0%n/a15.8%
12 months to Aug 20210.0%0.0%25.0%n/a1.8%
12 months to Aug 20220.0%0.0%25.0%0.0%1.4%
12 months to Aug 2023n/a0.0%25.0%0.0%0.9%
12 months to Aug 20240.0%0.0%25.0%0.0%1.7%
12 months to Aug 2025n/a0.0%41.4%0.0%4.4%
12 months to Aug 202614.1%21.4%35.0%0.0%17.0%
PeriodUS importsDuty paidUS exports
12 months to Aug 2026$170K−61%17.0%+12.6 pts$2.8M+115%
12 months to Aug 2025$439K−36%4.4%+2.7 pts$1.3M+24%
12 months to Aug 2024$681K−14%1.7%+0.8 pts$1.0M−46%
12 months to Aug 2023$788K−16%0.9%−0.4 pts$1.9M+24%
12 months to Aug 2022HS 2022 revision$941K−7.6%1.4%−0.4 pts$1.6M+142%
12 months to Aug 2021$1.0M+479%1.8%−14.0 pts$640K+18%
12 months to Aug 2020$176K−73%15.8%+9.6 pts$541K−76%
12 months to Aug 2019$654K−29%6.1%+6.1 pts$2.2M+479%
12 months to Aug 2018$919K+354%0.0%0.0 pts$385K−45%
12 months to Aug 2017$203K0.0%$703K

Who supplies the US

August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025. Landed cost by origin, below, adds freight and duty to the price.

CountryUS importsShareAverage priceDuty paidLast 13 months
Germany$7K40.0%new$781.78 each10.0%
United Kingdom$6K35.9%new$788.75 each20.0%
Canada$4K24.1%new$4,233 each0.0%
All countries$18K100.0%$976.61 each+18%11.2%+11.2 pts

The 3 largest suppliers had 91.9% of US imports over the last 12 months.

Landed cost by origin

What importers paid to land this product at a US port from each main supplier, June–August 2026: the price, freight and insurance to the first US port, and duty, per unit. Suppliers with 3% or more of these imports, cheapest landed first. Small figures under landed cost are the change from the same months a year earlier.

  • Price
  • Freight and insurance
  • Duty
CountryPriceFreight and insuranceDutyLanded costMake-up
United Kingdom$788.75 each$56.25 each7.1% of price$157.75 each20.0% of price$1,003 each−93%
Germany$1,318 each$91.00 each6.9% of price$131.85 each10.0% of price$1,541 each
Canada$4,233 each$250.00 each5.9% of price$0.00 each0.0% of price$4,483 each
All countries$1,258 each$85.59 each6.8% of price$135.27 each10.8% of price$1,479 each+28%

Landed at a US port, United Kingdom was cheapest, at $1,003 each: 34.9% below Germany.

Landed cost from United Kingdom fell 93% on a year earlier, to $1,003 each, mostly on price: $10,227 each then, $788.75 each now.

How the market is shifting

Japan gained the most share: 60.7% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 0.0% in the 12 months before. Canada lost the most: 4.4%, down from 57.1%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months.

  • Japan
  • Germany
  • China
  • Canada
  • All countries
Share of US imports
Show the numbers
MonthJapanGermanyChinaCanada
September 20240.0%65.5%34.5%0.0%
October 20240.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
November 2024n/an/an/an/a
December 20240.0%0.0%9.1%90.9%
January 20250.0%0.0%100.0%0.0%
February 2025n/an/an/an/a
March 2025n/an/an/an/a
April 20250.0%0.0%100.0%0.0%
May 20250.0%0.0%0.0%55.0%
June 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
July 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
August 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
September 2025100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
October 2025100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
November 2025100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
December 20250.0%100.0%0.0%0.0%
January 202623.7%0.0%76.3%0.0%
February 2026n/an/an/an/a
March 202641.1%0.0%0.0%58.9%
April 2026n/an/an/an/a
May 2026n/an/an/an/a
June 20260.0%100.0%0.0%0.0%
July 2026n/an/an/an/a
August 20260.0%40.0%0.0%24.1%
Duty paid, % of value
Show the numbers
MonthJapanGermanyChinaCanadaAll countries
September 2024n/a0.0%25.0%n/a8.6%
October 2024n/an/an/an/a0.0%
November 2024n/an/an/an/an/a
December 2024n/an/a25.0%0.0%2.3%
January 2025n/an/a25.0%n/a25.0%
February 2025n/an/an/an/an/a
March 2025n/an/an/an/an/a
April 2025n/an/a170.0%n/a170.0%
May 2025n/an/an/a0.0%4.5%
June 2025n/an/an/an/a0.0%
July 2025n/an/an/an/a25.0%
August 2025n/an/an/an/a0.0%
September 202515.0%n/an/an/a15.0%
October 202515.0%n/an/an/a15.0%
November 202515.0%n/an/an/a15.0%
December 2025n/a30.0%n/an/a30.0%
January 20260.0%n/a35.0%n/a26.7%
February 2026n/an/an/an/an/a
March 20260.0%n/an/a0.0%0.0%
April 2026n/an/an/an/an/a
May 2026n/an/an/an/an/a
June 2026n/a10.0%n/an/a10.0%
July 2026n/an/an/an/an/a
August 2026n/a10.0%n/a0.0%11.2%

Where it enters the US

Main ports of entry over the 12 months to August 2026: US imports and share.

  1. Los Angeles, CA$93K · 54.8%
  2. Chicago, IL$30K · 17.5%
  3. Newark, NJ$29K · 17.0%
  4. Portal, ND$8K · 4.4%
  5. Los Angeles International Airport, CA$7K · 4.1%

Where US exports go

US exports were $113K in August 2026, down 21% from August 2025, and $2.8M over the last 12 months, up 115% on the 12 months before. Fastest-growing market with 3% or more of US exports: Korea, South, up 4523%.

MarketLast 12 monthsSharevs 12 months before
Venezuela$1.9M69.3%+136%
Mexico$298K10.8%+174%
Korea, South$236K8.6%+4523%
Switzerland$77K2.8%+964%
Australia$39K1.4%−48%
United Arab Emirates$35K1.3%+217%
Israel$34K1.2%new
Colombia$25K0.9%new
Other countries (12)$100K3.6%+19%
All countries$2.8M100.0%+115%

Markets abroad

Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 107 have reported 2025 so far.

MarketImportsvs year beforeFrom the USUS share
Turkey$43.4Min 2025−0.5%$00.0%
Japan$23.3Min 2025−13%$6K0.0%
Spain$3.6Min 2025−36%$00.0%
Italy$2.7Min 2025−34%$3K0.1%
Saudi Arabia$2.4Min 2025+83%$985K41.1%
France$1.6Min 2025−42%$17K1.0%
Angola$1.4Min 2025+45%$6500.0%
Ghana$767Kin 2025+1503%$3K0.5%

The biggest market outside the US is Turkey, which imported $43.4M of this product in 2025, none of it from the US.

The US supplies 41.1% of imports into Saudi Arabia, but under 10% into Turkey, Japan and Spain.

Of these, imports into Saudi Arabia grew fastest: up 83% from 2024 to 2025.

Other products under heading 8407: spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.

ProductUS importsUS exports
Spark-ignition reciprocating piston engines for propulsion of vehicles except railway or tramway stock, over 1,000 cc cylinder capacityHS 8407.34$10.27B$7.67B
Outboard engines for marine propulsionHS 8407.21$817.8M$536.6M
Spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines, not elsewhere specifiedHS 8407.90$659.9M$468.7M
Spark-ignition reciprocating piston engines for propulsion of vehicles except rail or tramway stock, over 250 but not over 1,000 cc cylinder capacityHS 8407.33$471.6M$32.8M
Aircraft spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston enginesHS 8407.10$82.2M$122.4M
Inboard engines for marine propulsionHS 8407.29$12.2M$65.6M
Spark-ignition reciprocating piston engines for propulsion of vehicles except railway or tramway stock, over 50 but not over 250 cc cylinder capacityHS 8407.32$22.6M$4.7M
About these figures
  • Source: US Census Bureau international trade data, not seasonally adjusted, in US dollars. Retrieved November 3, 2026.
  • US imports are general imports at customs value, which excludes freight and insurance. Exports are at free-alongside-ship value.
  • Average price is customs value divided by quantity (number of items), across all of the product's 10-digit lines.
  • Duty paid is the duty Census calculates on each country's imports for consumption, as a share of their value. It moves with tariff changes, exemptions and the mix of goods within the product.
  • Landed cost adds Census's import charges (freight, insurance and other costs of bringing the goods to the first US port) and calculated duty to the customs value, per unit, across the product's 10-digit lines. It leaves out antidumping and countervailing duties, customs fees and transport inland. Prices are averages across the goods within the code, so a lower one can mean cheaper goods, not the same goods for less.
  • Markets abroad are each country's imports as it reports them to UN Comtrade, in US dollars, usually including freight and insurance. Countries report a year or more late and in their own edition of the HS codes, so one still on an older edition is missing for codes that changed in 2022.
  • Census revises recent months, so figures can change slightly. These are estimates for research and planning, not customs or legal advice.

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