Official data Source: US Census Bureau international trade data
Track this productVacuum-molding machines and other thermoforming machines, for molding or forming rubber or plastics
In short
- The US imported $83.0M of this product over the 12 months to August 2026, down 24% on the year before.
- Germany is the largest supplier, with 62.1% of US imports; Japan is next, with 14.4%.
- Germany is the cheapest main supplier before and after freight and duty, landing at $46,569 each.
- Duty paid averaged 13.8% of the value of imports in August 2026, down 1.5 points on a year earlier.
- Korea, South is gaining share: 27.6% over the last 12 months, up from 13.3%.
- US exports were $33.4M over the last 12 months; the largest market is Dominican Republic, with 24.9%.
US imports, Aug 2026
$5.8M
↓ −62% vs Aug 2025
Last 12 months
$83.0M
↓ −24% vs the 12 months before
Average duty paid
13.8%
↓ −1.5 pts vs Aug 2025
Top supplier
Germany
62.1% of US imports
US imports by month
The last 13 months, so the same month a year ago is on the left. August 2026 is highlighted. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.
Show the numbers
| Month | US imports |
|---|---|
| August 2025 | $15.6M |
| September 2025 | $7.1M |
| October 2025 | $911K |
| November 2025 | $6.7M |
| December 2025 | $1.9M |
| January 2026 | $7.4M |
| February 2026 | $9.0M |
| March 2026 | $6.3M |
| April 2026 | $7.9M |
| May 2026 | $12.8M |
| June 2026 | $13.6M |
| July 2026 | $3.6M |
| August 2026 | $5.8M |
What changed
- US imports were $5.8M in August 2026, up 64% from July 2026 and down 62% from August 2025.
- Over the 12 months to August 2026 they totalled $83.0M, down 24% on the 12 months before.
- Biggest moves in market share since July 2026: Germany up from 31.5% to 62.1%, Italy down from 19.3% to 0.1%.
- Average price from China rose 3414% since July 2026, to $118,073 each.
- Duty paid on imports from Italy rose from 3.1% to 10.0% of their value since July 2026.
- Duty paid on imports from Korea, South rose from 7.1% to 12.5% of their value since July 2026.
US trade by year
US imports were $83.0M in the 12 months to Aug 2026, up 11% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $33.4M, down 34%. In January 2022 the HS 2022 revision moved some goods between this code and 8524.11, 8524.12, 8524.19 and 10 more, so part of a change across the dashed line can be the revision. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.
Show the numbers
| Period | US imports |
|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | $74.8M |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | $100.6M |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | $98.4M |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | $103.7M |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | $78.9M |
| 12 months to Aug 2022 | $90.0M |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | $93.9M |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | $77.5M |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | $109.1M |
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | $83.0M |
- Germany
- Korea, South
- China
- Italy
- All countries
Show the numbers
| Period | Germany | Korea, South | China | Italy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | 37.0% | 16.8% | 2.3% | 21.8% |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | 52.1% | 5.6% | 2.2% | 13.9% |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | 54.2% | 1.6% | 1.3% | 18.7% |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | 64.3% | 2.0% | 2.2% | 12.2% |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | 26.4% | 1.0% | 6.0% | 33.9% |
| 12 months to Aug 2022 | 43.0% | 1.3% | 3.1% | 12.9% |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | 57.6% | 0.6% | 4.3% | 11.5% |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | 43.2% | 3.7% | 4.9% | 16.2% |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | 49.4% | 13.3% | 5.6% | 11.7% |
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | 42.7% | 27.6% | 4.0% | 3.9% |
Show the numbers
| Period | Germany | Korea, South | China | Italy | All countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | 3.1% | 0.0% | 3.1% | 3.1% | 2.5% |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | 3.1% | 0.2% | 3.3% | 3.1% | 2.7% |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | 3.1% | 0.0% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 3.2% |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | 3.1% | 0.1% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 3.4% |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | 3.1% | 0.0% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 4.1% |
| 12 months to Aug 2022 | 3.1% | 0.0% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 3.4% |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | 3.1% | 0.1% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 3.9% |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | 3.1% | 0.1% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 3.8% |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | 7.8% | 3.9% | 37.6% | 6.9% | 8.5% |
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | 11.7% | 9.9% | 45.8% | 10.7% | 12.4% |
| Period | US imports | Duty paid | US exports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 months to Aug 2026 | $83.0M−24% | 12.4%+3.9 pts | $33.4M−11% |
| 12 months to Aug 2025 | $109.1M+41% | 8.5%+4.7 pts | $37.6M−73% |
| 12 months to Aug 2024 | $77.5M−17% | 3.8%0.0 pts | $140.9M+172% |
| 12 months to Aug 2023 | $93.9M+4.3% | 3.9%+0.5 pts | $51.8M−15% |
| 12 months to Aug 2022HS 2022 revision | $90.0M+14% | 3.4%−0.7 pts | $60.7M+8.3% |
| 12 months to Aug 2021 | $78.9M−24% | 4.1%+0.7 pts | $56.0M+37% |
| 12 months to Aug 2020 | $103.7M+5.3% | 3.4%+0.2 pts | $40.8M−20% |
| 12 months to Aug 2019 | $98.4M−2.2% | 3.2%+0.4 pts | $50.9M−14% |
| 12 months to Aug 2018 | $100.6M+34% | 2.7%+0.3 pts | $59.2M+18% |
| 12 months to Aug 2017 | $74.8M | 2.5% | $50.3M |
Who supplies the US
August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025. Landed cost by origin, below, adds freight and duty to the price.
| Country | US imports | Share | Average price | Duty paid | Last 13 months |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | $3.6M | 62.1%+10.9 pts | $34,847 each−31% | 10.0%−3.2 pts | |
| Japan | $843K | 14.4%+13.6 pts | $281,047 each+729% | 12.5%−0.6 pts | |
| China | $590K | 10.1%+4.7 pts | $118,073 each+166% | 40.6%−17.5 pts | |
| Korea, South | $374K | 6.4%−5.9 pts | $12,907 each−62% | 12.5%+2.5 pts | |
| United Kingdom | $199K | 3.4%+3.2 pts | $4,416 each−68% | 13.1%0.0 pts | |
| Austria | $115K | 2.0%+1.9 pts | $115,160 each+1819% | 10.0%−4.1 pts | |
| Denmark | $33K | 0.6%+0.2 pts | $8,157 each−4.7% | 10.0%−4.5 pts | |
| Netherlands | $17K | 0.3%+0.1 pts | $1,844 each−65% | 10.0%−5.0 pts | |
| Other countries (4) | $45K | 0.8%−18.8 pts | $2,638 each−97% | 21.1%+7.7 pts | |
| All countries | $5.8M | 100.0% | $26,912 each−51% | 13.8%−1.5 pts |
The 3 largest suppliers had 74.3% of US imports over the last 12 months.
Landed cost by origin
What importers paid to land this product at a US port from each main supplier, June–August 2026: the price, freight and insurance to the first US port, and duty, per unit. Suppliers with 3% or more of these imports, cheapest landed first. Small figures under landed cost are the change from the same months a year earlier.
- Price
- Freight and insurance
- Duty
| Country | Price | Freight and insurance | Duty | Landed cost | Make-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | $42,233 each | $428.50 each1.0% of price | $3,907 each9.3% of price | $46,569 each−58% | |
| Korea, South | $46,374 each | $60.02 each0.1% of price | $5,227 each11.3% of price | $51,661 each−2.5% | |
| Italy | $56,760 each | $417.91 each0.7% of price | $5,351 each9.4% of price | $62,528 each−46% | |
| China | $55,517 each | $3,449 each6.2% of price | $21,755 each39.2% of price | $80,721 each+168% | |
| Japan | $281,047 each | $866.67 each0.3% of price | $35,131 each12.5% of price | $317,044 each+699% | |
| All countries | $38,227 each | $518.76 each1.4% of price | $4,459 each11.7% of price | $43,206 each−47% |
Landed at a US port, Germany was cheapest, at $46,569 each: 9.9% below Korea, South.
Landed cost from Japan rose 699% on a year earlier, to $317,044 each, mostly on price: $33,896 each then, $281,047 each now.
How the market is shifting
Korea, South gained the most share: 27.6% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 13.3% in the 12 months before. Italy lost the most: 3.9%, down from 11.7%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months. Dotted lines mark lasting changes in duty paid, labelled with the supplier, or "Duty" when several moved; the tariff timeline lists each one with its notices.
- Germany
- Korea, South
- China
- Italy
- All countries
Show the numbers
| Month | Germany | Korea, South | China | Italy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 2024 | 19.4% | 4.0% | 1.8% | 12.4% |
| October 2024 | 43.1% | 0.0% | 24.1% | 10.8% |
| November 2024 | 47.3% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 25.3% |
| December 2024 | 39.0% | 18.7% | 9.2% | 24.6% |
| January 2025 | 42.4% | 35.5% | 6.1% | 0.0% |
| February 2025 | 68.9% | 3.8% | 0.3% | 0.0% |
| March 2025 | 50.5% | 1.6% | 7.2% | 8.4% |
| April 2025 | 57.5% | 22.6% | 3.3% | 0.4% |
| May 2025 | 44.5% | 14.1% | 3.7% | 12.6% |
| June 2025 | 32.2% | 40.0% | 0.9% | 7.2% |
| July 2025 | 71.2% | 0.0% | 3.6% | 11.4% |
| August 2025 | 51.2% | 12.3% | 5.4% | 12.5% |
| September 2025 | 2.6% | 36.5% | 10.8% | 6.1% |
| October 2025 | 8.8% | 31.3% | 3.2% | 1.3% |
| November 2025 | 7.2% | 63.5% | 0.8% | 0.0% |
| December 2025 | 37.5% | 14.9% | 24.2% | 0.0% |
| January 2026 | 30.1% | 47.5% | 3.6% | 0.0% |
| February 2026 | 84.0% | 1.5% | 0.0% | 1.9% |
| March 2026 | 31.1% | 28.2% | 2.1% | 11.3% |
| April 2026 | 72.2% | 19.4% | 0.6% | 0.0% |
| May 2026 | 42.0% | 26.2% | 1.9% | 0.0% |
| June 2026 | 47.2% | 33.5% | 5.4% | 8.7% |
| July 2026 | 31.5% | 7.8% | 0.1% | 19.3% |
| August 2026 | 62.1% | 6.4% | 10.1% | 0.1% |
Show the numbers
| Month | Germany | Korea, South | China | Italy | All countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 2024 | 3.1% | 0.0% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 2.3% |
| October 2024 | 3.1% | n/a | 28.1% | 3.1% | 8.9% |
| November 2024 | 3.1% | n/a | 28.1% | 3.1% | 2.7% |
| December 2024 | 3.1% | 3.1% | 28.1% | 3.1% | 5.3% |
| January 2025 | 3.1% | 1.1% | 28.1% | n/a | 3.9% |
| February 2025 | 3.1% | 0.0% | 35.8% | n/a | 3.0% |
| March 2025 | 3.1% | 0.0% | 47.7% | 3.1% | 6.1% |
| April 2025 | 7.0% | 0.0% | 17.8% | 3.1% | 5.3% |
| May 2025 | 13.0% | 10.0% | 57.4% | 13.1% | 14.2% |
| June 2025 | 13.1% | 5.7% | 58.1% | 13.1% | 9.9% |
| July 2025 | 13.1% | n/a | 58.1% | 13.1% | 14.7% |
| August 2025 | 13.2% | 10.0% | 58.1% | 13.6% | 15.3% |
| September 2025 | 15.0% | 7.2% | 58.1% | 15.0% | 14.4% |
| October 2025 | 15.0% | 16.1% | 58.1% | 15.0% | 21.5% |
| November 2025 | 15.0% | 10.2% | 58.1% | n/a | 8.8% |
| December 2025 | 15.0% | 15.0% | 48.1% | n/a | 23.8% |
| January 2026 | 15.0% | 8.2% | 48.1% | n/a | 12.8% |
| February 2026 | 13.3% | 15.0% | n/a | 3.1% | 13.4% |
| March 2026 | 13.2% | 10.0% | 38.1% | 13.1% | 12.4% |
| April 2026 | 10.1% | 10.0% | 38.1% | n/a | 10.4% |
| May 2026 | 13.1% | 10.0% | 38.1% | n/a | 12.2% |
| June 2026 | 8.2% | 11.4% | 38.1% | 13.1% | 11.3% |
| July 2026 | 12.8% | 7.1% | 38.1% | 3.1% | 9.6% |
| August 2026 | 10.0% | 12.5% | 40.6% | 10.0% | 13.8% |
Tariff actions touching this product
When the duty paid on this product changed and stayed changed, for its main suppliers and all countries, newest first, with the Federal Register notices that named the product in the 3 months before. Rates are medians of the 4 months either side, less any usual seasonal swing. A change shows what happened to duty paid, not why; read each notice for what it did.
- October 2025 · Duty paid: Korea, South 7.2% → 12.6%.
- May 2025 · Duty paid: Germany 3.1% → 13.1%, Korea, South 0.0% → 10.0%, all countries 4.9% → 14.4%.
Where it enters the US
Main ports of entry over the 12 months to August 2026: US imports and share.
Where US exports go
US exports were $3.3M in August 2026, down 24% from August 2025, and $33.4M over the last 12 months, down 11% on the 12 months before. Fastest-growing market with 3% or more of US exports: Portugal, up 20252%.
| Market | Last 12 months | Share | vs 12 months before |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dominican Republic | $8.3M | 24.9% | +2314% |
| Mexico | $6.2M | 18.6% | −65% |
| United Kingdom | $3.4M | 10.1% | +1094% |
| Canada | $3.3M | 9.9% | −41% |
| Malaysia | $1.8M | 5.5% | new |
| Portugal | $1.2M | 3.6% | +20252% |
| Netherlands | $1.0M | 3.1% | +11% |
| Denmark | $1.0M | 3.0% | −60% |
| Other countries (26) | $7.1M | 21.3% | −7.9% |
| All countries | $33.4M | 100.0% | −11% |
Markets abroad
Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 112 have reported 2025 so far. Where a country's figure for imports from the US is under half or over double what the US recorded exporting there that year, the US figure is shown under it.
| Market | Imports | vs year before | From the US | US share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | $361.6Min 2025 | −29% | $3.2M | 0.9% |
| Indonesia | $54.2Min 2025 | +42% | $750K | 1.4% |
| Thailand | $48.4Min 2025 | +21% | $38K | 0.1% |
| Poland | $43.7Min 2025 | +45% | $14.0MUS records $2.0M | 32.0% |
| Mexico | $38.9Min 2025 | −33% | $11.4M | 29.4% |
| Brazil | $33.7Min 2025 | +61% | $3.1MUS records $28K | 9.3% |
| India | $31.3Min 2025 | +31% | $142K | 0.5% |
| France | $27.7Min 2025 | +12% | $148K | 0.5% |
The biggest market outside the US is China, which imported $361.6M of this product in 2025, 0.9% of that from the US.
The US supplies 29.4% of imports into Mexico, but under 10% into China, Indonesia and Thailand.
Of these, imports into Indonesia grew fastest: up 42% from 2024 to 2025.
Related products
Other products under heading 8477: machinery for working rubber or plastics or for the manufacture of products therefrom, not elsewhere specified; parts thereof. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.
| Product | US imports | US exports |
|---|---|---|
| Parts of machinery for working rubber or plastics or parts of machinery used in the manufacture of products from rubber or plastics materials, not elsewhere specifiedHS 8477.90 | $1.24B | $618.9M |
| Injection-molding machines for working rubber or plasticsHS 8477.10 | $723.9M | $122.3M |
| Machinery for working rubber or plastics or for the manufacture of products from these materials, not elsewhere specifiedHS 8477.80 | $597.1M | $168.9M |
| Extruders for working rubber or plasticsHS 8477.20 | $137.1M | $99.2M |
| Blow-molding machines for working rubber or plasticHS 8477.30 | $187.1M | $40.9M |
| Machinery for molding or otherwise forming rubber or plastics, not elsewhere specifiedHS 8477.59 | $142.5M | $71.6M |
| Machinery for molding or retreading pneumatic tires or for molding or otherwise forming inner tubesHS 8477.51 | $67.9M | $14.1M |
About these figures
- Source: US Census Bureau international trade data, not seasonally adjusted, in US dollars. Retrieved November 3, 2026.
- US imports are general imports at customs value, which excludes freight and insurance. Exports are at free-alongside-ship value.
- Average price is customs value divided by quantity (number of items), across all of the product's 10-digit lines.
- Duty paid is the duty Census calculates on each country's imports for consumption, as a share of their value. It moves with tariff changes, exemptions and the mix of goods within the product.
- Landed cost adds Census's import charges (freight, insurance and other costs of bringing the goods to the first US port) and calculated duty to the customs value, per unit, across the product's 10-digit lines. It leaves out antidumping and countervailing duties, customs fees and transport inland. Prices are averages across the goods within the code, so a lower one can mean cheaper goods, not the same goods for less.
- Markets abroad are each country's imports as it reports them to UN Comtrade, in US dollars, usually including freight and insurance. Countries report a year or more late and in their own edition of the HS codes, so one still on an older edition is missing for codes that changed in 2022.
- Census revises recent months, so figures can change slightly. These are estimates for research and planning, not customs or legal advice.