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Official data Source: US Census Bureau international trade data Data through August 2026 · updated monthly

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HS 2939.19

Alkaloids of opium and their derivatives, slats thereof, not elsewhere specified

In short

  • The US imported $35.7M of this product over the 12 months to August 2026, down 43% on the year before.
  • Germany is the largest supplier, with 72.2% of US imports; United Kingdom is next, with 12.6%.
  • Duty paid averaged 1.4% of the value of imports in August 2026, up 0.8 points on a year earlier.
  • United Kingdom is gaining share: 27.9% over the last 12 months, up from 15.4%.
  • 4 Federal Register notices named this product's tariff codes in the last 12 months.
  • US exports were $49.9M over the last 12 months; the largest market is Canada, with 22.1%.

US imports, Aug 2026

$6.8M

↑ +49% vs Aug 2025

Last 12 months

$35.7M

↓ −43% vs the 12 months before

Average duty paid

1.4%

↑ +0.8 pts vs Aug 2025

Top supplier

Germany

72.2% of US imports

US imports by month

The last 13 months, so the same month a year ago is on the left. August 2026 is highlighted.

Aug2025SepOctNovDecJan2026FebMarAprMayJunJulAug
Show the numbers
MonthUS imports
August 2025$4.6M
September 2025$3.1M
October 2025$4.0M
November 2025$2.8M
December 2025$4.1M
January 2026$350K
February 2026$1.6M
March 2026$3.5M
April 2026$4.1M
May 2026$2.5M
June 2026$1.5M
July 2026$1.3M
August 2026$6.8M

What changed

  • US imports were $6.8M in August 2026, up 426% from July 2026 and up 49% from August 2025.
  • Over the 12 months to August 2026 they totalled $35.7M, down 43% on the 12 months before.
  • Biggest moves in market share since July 2026: Germany up from 27.1% to 72.2%, Italy down from 54.2% to 10.1%.
  • Duty paid by the main suppliers held within 2 points of July 2026.

US trade by year

US imports were $35.7M in the 12 months to Aug 2026, up 17% on the 12 months to Aug 2017. US exports were $49.9M, up 25%.

2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
Show the numbers
PeriodUS imports
12 months to Aug 2017$30.6M
12 months to Aug 2018$18.4M
12 months to Aug 2019$11.7M
12 months to Aug 2020$14.6M
12 months to Aug 2021$11.8M
12 months to Aug 2022$11.7M
12 months to Aug 2023$17.4M
12 months to Aug 2024$38.6M
12 months to Aug 2025$62.3M
12 months to Aug 2026$35.7M
  • United Kingdom
  • Germany
  • Italy
  • France
  • All countries
Share of US imports
Show the numbers
PeriodUnited KingdomGermanyItalyFrance
12 months to Aug 201743.2%6.3%3.6%6.8%
12 months to Aug 201863.1%0.4%5.2%13.7%
12 months to Aug 201957.6%6.5%2.4%11.3%
12 months to Aug 202049.1%1.6%4.3%10.2%
12 months to Aug 202139.9%10.6%4.5%12.2%
12 months to Aug 202235.1%8.7%9.8%11.2%
12 months to Aug 202328.3%13.7%4.6%4.2%
12 months to Aug 202420.5%13.1%2.6%11.9%
12 months to Aug 202515.4%18.0%8.6%6.3%
12 months to Aug 202627.9%25.9%15.6%8.8%
Duty paid, % of value
Show the numbers
PeriodUnited KingdomGermanyItalyFranceAll countries
12 months to Aug 20170.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20180.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20190.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20200.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20210.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20220.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20230.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20240.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
12 months to Aug 20250.3%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%
12 months to Aug 20260.9%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.3%
PeriodUS importsDuty paidUS exports
12 months to Aug 2026$35.7M−43%0.3%+0.2 pts$49.9M+3.3%
12 months to Aug 2025$62.3M+61%0.1%+0.1 pts$48.4M−3.5%
12 months to Aug 2024$38.6M+122%0.0%0.0 pts$50.1M+71%
12 months to Aug 2023$17.4M+49%0.0%0.0 pts$29.4M+5.6%
12 months to Aug 2022$11.7M−1.3%0.0%0.0 pts$27.8M+21%
12 months to Aug 2021$11.8M−19%0.0%0.0 pts$23.0M−44%
12 months to Aug 2020$14.6M+25%0.0%0.0 pts$41.2M+1.3%
12 months to Aug 2019$11.7M−37%0.0%0.0 pts$40.7M−22%
12 months to Aug 2018$18.4M−40%0.0%0.0 pts$52.1M+30%
12 months to Aug 2017$30.6M0.0%$40.0M

Who supplies the US

August 2026. Small figures under each value are the change from August 2025. Average prices aren't shown because this product's lines are counted in different units.

CountryUS importsShareAverage priceDuty paidLast 13 months
Germany$4.9M72.2%+55.6 ptsn/a0.0%0.0 pts
United Kingdom$860K12.6%−16.7 ptsn/a10.0%+8.0 pts
Italy$690K10.1%+3.6 ptsn/a0.0%0.0 pts
Slovakia$230K3.4%newn/a0.0%
China$108K1.6%newn/a7.8%
India$3K0.1%−1.9 ptsn/a10.0%+10.0 pts
France$3K0.0%−0.8 ptsn/a0.0%0.0 pts
All countries$6.8M100.0%n/a1.4%+0.8 pts

The 3 largest suppliers had 69.4% of US imports over the last 12 months.

How the market is shifting

United Kingdom gained the most share: 27.9% of US imports over the last 12 months, up from 15.4% in the 12 months before. India lost the most: 7.0%, down from 33.2%. The charts show September 2024 to August 2026 for the 4 largest suppliers over the last 12 months.

  • United Kingdom
  • Germany
  • Italy
  • France
  • All countries
Share of US imports
Show the numbers
MonthUnited KingdomGermanyItalyFrance
September 20240.5%16.6%0.0%0.0%
October 20240.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%
November 20247.8%15.9%5.2%0.2%
December 202411.2%0.0%25.2%30.6%
January 20250.0%0.1%7.8%0.3%
February 20252.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%
March 202519.7%0.0%5.5%0.0%
April 20252.0%34.6%15.3%0.0%
May 20259.7%76.6%0.0%5.8%
June 202538.6%0.1%22.9%31.3%
July 202570.6%11.8%10.9%6.3%
August 202529.3%16.6%6.6%0.9%
September 202536.9%20.8%29.5%0.1%
October 202524.5%31.2%20.9%0.2%
November 202543.9%24.5%0.0%28.9%
December 20258.8%2.9%19.2%10.2%
January 20262.3%2.0%0.0%0.0%
February 20262.8%38.1%40.6%16.7%
March 202667.3%0.0%0.0%13.1%
April 202638.6%6.1%6.7%0.1%
May 202650.6%14.9%0.0%18.4%
June 20268.3%1.9%47.4%31.7%
July 20260.0%27.1%54.2%18.2%
August 202612.6%72.2%10.1%0.0%
Duty paid, % of value
Show the numbers
MonthUnited KingdomGermanyItalyFranceAll countries
September 20240.0%0.0%n/an/a0.0%
October 2024n/an/an/a0.0%0.0%
November 20240.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
December 20240.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
January 2025n/a0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
February 20250.0%n/an/a0.0%0.0%
March 20250.0%n/a0.0%n/a0.2%
April 20250.0%0.0%0.0%n/a0.1%
May 20250.0%0.0%n/a0.0%0.1%
June 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.6%
July 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
August 20252.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.6%
September 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%
October 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%
November 20250.0%0.0%n/a0.0%0.4%
December 20250.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%
January 20260.0%0.0%n/an/a0.5%
February 20260.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%
March 20260.0%n/an/a0.0%0.0%
April 20260.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
May 20260.0%0.0%n/a0.0%0.0%
June 20260.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
July 2026n/a0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
August 202610.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%1.4%

Tariff actions touching this product

Federal Register notices from the last 12 months that list this product's tariff codes. A notice can add a duty, exclude products from one or only mention them, so read each for what it changes. Search the Federal Register for 2939.19

Where it enters the US

Main ports of entry over the 12 months to August 2026: US imports and share.

  1. Jfk International Airport, NY$9.1M · 25.6%
  2. Philadelphia International Airport, PA$8.7M · 24.4%
  3. Chicago, IL$4.5M · 12.7%
  4. Newark, NJ$3.9M · 11.0%
  5. St. Louis, MO$3.1M · 8.8%

Where US exports go

US exports were $997K in August 2026, down 42% from August 2025, and $49.9M over the last 12 months, up 3.3% on the 12 months before. Fastest-growing market with 3% or more of US exports: Israel, up 413%.

MarketLast 12 monthsSharevs 12 months before
Canada$11.0M22.1%−34%
Mexico$10.7M21.4%+95%
India$5.3M10.6%+25%
Korea, South$3.6M7.2%+37%
Germany$3.4M6.9%+57%
Spain$3.2M6.4%+124%
United Kingdom$3.2M6.3%−49%
Japan$2.9M5.8%−26%
Other countries (43)$6.6M13.2%+41%
All countries$49.9M100.0%+3.3%

Markets abroad

Each country's own import figures for this product, from UN Comtrade: the 8 biggest importers outside the US in the latest year each has reported, what they bought from the US, and the change from the year before. Values usually include freight and insurance to the importer's border, so they run a little above US export figures. Countries report a year or more late; 89 have reported 2025 so far. Where a country's figure for imports from the US is under half or over double what the US recorded exporting there that year, the US figure is shown under it.

MarketImportsvs year beforeFrom the USUS share
India$71.8Min 2025+39%$6.6M9.1%
China$42.9Min 2025+74%$2K0.0%
Japan$32.6Min 2025+67%$4.3M13.0%
Italy$26.5Min 2025+509%$3.6MUS records $880K13.8%
Germany$25.2Min 2025+8.8%$2.2M8.8%
Brazil$17.4Min 2025+21%$214K1.2%
Canada$17.0Min 2025−34%$14.3M83.8%
United Kingdom$15.4Min 2025+83%$6.0M38.8%

The biggest market outside the US is India, which imported $71.8M of this product in 2025, 9.1% of that from the US.

The US supplies 83.8% of imports into Canada and 38.8% into the United Kingdom, but under 10% into India, China and Germany.

Of these, imports into the United Kingdom grew fastest: up 83% from 2024 to 2025.

Other products under heading 2939: vegetable alkaloids, natural or synthetic, and their salts, ethers, esters and other derivatives. US trade over the 12 months to August 2026.

ProductUS importsUS exports
Alkaloids, of vegetal origin, not elsewhere specifiedHS 2939.79$252.0M$11.6M
Caffeine and its saltsHS 2939.30$129.6M$24.0M
Concentrates of poppy straw; buprenorphine (inn), codeine, dihydrocodeine (inn), ethlymorphone, etorphine morphine & othr specified alkolides of opiumHS 2939.11$119.3M$13.6M
Alkaloids, natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters and toher derivatives, not elsewhere specifiedHS 2939.80$15.2M$2.0M
Pseudoephedrine and their saltsHS 2939.42$9.7M$135K
Alkaloids of rye ergot and their derivatives; salts thereof, not elsewhere specifiedHS 2939.69$4.8M$662K
Alkaloids of cinchona and their derivatives; salts thereofHS 2939.20$3.6M$273K
Theophylline and aminophylline (excluding fenetylline) and their derivatives; salts thereof, not elsewhere specifiedHS 2939.59$2.9M$205K
About these figures
  • Source: US Census Bureau international trade data, not seasonally adjusted, in US dollars. Retrieved November 3, 2026.
  • US imports are general imports at customs value, which excludes freight and insurance. Exports are at free-alongside-ship value.
  • Average price is customs value divided by quantity, across all of the product's 10-digit lines.
  • Duty paid is the duty Census calculates on each country's imports for consumption, as a share of their value. It moves with tariff changes, exemptions and the mix of goods within the product.
  • Markets abroad are each country's imports as it reports them to UN Comtrade, in US dollars, usually including freight and insurance. Countries report a year or more late and in their own edition of the HS codes, so one still on an older edition is missing for codes that changed in 2022.
  • Tariff notices are from the Federal Register, matched to this product by the HTS numbers in their text.
  • Census revises recent months, so figures can change slightly. These are estimates for research and planning, not customs or legal advice.

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